From 8b14f26125759ec833fe926ccb6db67b36a524cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: librelad <librelad@digitalangels.vip>
Date: Sun, 24 May 2026 18:00:19 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] refactor(desudo): route scattered runtime sudo through
 privilege helpers

Convert the remaining ad-hoc 'sudo' calls across the data plane to the
run_privileged helpers so every file op lands as the correct owner with
no blanket root:

- DB/configs (manager-owned): db_list_all_apps, delete_db_file,
  install_sqlite, cli_webui_commands -> runInstallOp
- containers (dockerinstall-owned): scan_container_socket, delete_data,
  webui_task_files, webui_app_log, webui_config_patch,
  application_missing_variables, uninstall_app -> runFileOp/runFileWrite
- genuine root: passwd, tailscale, ufw-docker, sysctl grep, systemd
  unit read, authorized_keys read, nobody chown -> runSystem
- interactive editors and 'id -u': drop sudo entirely (run as caller)
- owncloud/adguard container-UID config edits -> runSystem (funnel;
  docker-exec rework deferred)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: librelad <librelad@digitalangels.vip>
---
 scripts/app/app_update_specifics.sh           |  2 +-
 .../app/containers/adguard/adguard_auth.sh    | 10 +++----
 .../owncloud/owncloud_setup_config.sh         | 26 +++++++++----------
 .../requirements/check_docker_rootless.sh     |  2 +-
 .../checks/requirements/check_install_type.sh |  4 +--
 .../cli/commands/webui/cli_webui_commands.sh  |  4 +--
 .../application/application_edit_config.sh    |  2 +-
 .../application/application_menu_apps.sh      |  2 +-
 .../application_missing_variables.sh          |  2 +-
 scripts/config/core/config_manage_menu.sh     |  4 +--
 scripts/config/docker/docker_compose_menu.sh  |  2 +-
 scripts/database/app/db_list_all_apps.sh      |  4 +--
 scripts/database/delete_db_file.sh            |  2 +-
 scripts/database/install_sqlite.sh            |  4 +--
 scripts/docker/app/uninstall/delete_data.sh   |  2 +-
 scripts/docker/app/uninstall/uninstall_app.sh |  6 ++---
 .../type_switcher/scan_container_socket.sh    |  4 +--
 scripts/docker/update_docker_sudo_pass.sh     |  2 +-
 scripts/docker/update_docker_user_pass.sh     |  2 +-
 .../local/headscale_setup_localhost.sh        |  4 +--
 scripts/logs/installed_apps.sh                |  2 +-
 .../generators/apps/webui_config_patch.sh     |  2 +-
 .../generators/system/webui_ssh_access.sh     |  4 +--
 scripts/webui/data/tasks/webui_task_files.sh  |  4 +--
 scripts/webui/data/utils/webui_app_log.sh     |  2 +-
 scripts/webui/webui_install_systemd.sh        |  2 +-
 26 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/scripts/app/app_update_specifics.sh b/scripts/app/app_update_specifics.sh
index b5082e4..d8ccbc8 100755
--- a/scripts/app/app_update_specifics.sh
+++ b/scripts/app/app_update_specifics.sh
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ appUpdateSpecifics()
         # under its mounted data dir; fixPermissionsBeforeStart hands the dir to
         # the install user, so give it to 65534 here or the server can't open
         # the database. Restart so it picks the dir up.
-        sudo chown -R 65534:65534 "$containers_dir$app_name/data";
+        runSystem chown -R 65534:65534 "$containers_dir$app_name/data";
         shouldrestart="true";
     fi
 
diff --git a/scripts/app/containers/adguard/adguard_auth.sh b/scripts/app/containers/adguard/adguard_auth.sh
index 7d338e0..274f45e 100644
--- a/scripts/app/containers/adguard/adguard_auth.sh
+++ b/scripts/app/containers/adguard/adguard_auth.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ authAdapter_adguard_setPassword() {
 
     local tmp
     tmp=$(sudo mktemp)
-    if ! sudo awk -v u="$user" -v pw="$bcrypt" '
+    if ! runSystem awk -v u="$user" -v pw="$bcrypt" '
         /^users:/ { in_users=1; print; next }
         in_users && /^[^[:space:]-]/ { in_users=0 }
         in_users && /^[[:space:]]+name:/ && !done_user {
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ authAdapter_adguard_setPassword() {
         }
         { print }
         END { exit (done_pw ? 0 : 1) }
-    ' "$yaml" | sudo tee "$tmp" >/dev/null; then
-        sudo rm -f "$tmp"
+    ' "$yaml" | runSystem tee "$tmp" >/dev/null; then
+        runSystem rm -f "$tmp"
         isError "AdGuardHome.yaml does not contain a 'users:' password line."
         return 1
     fi
-    sudo cp "$tmp" "$yaml"
-    sudo rm -f "$tmp"
+    runSystem cp "$tmp" "$yaml"
+    runSystem rm -f "$tmp"
 
     authPersistCfg adguard ADMIN_USER "$user"
     authPersistCfg adguard ADMIN_PASSWORD "$password"
diff --git a/scripts/app/containers/owncloud/owncloud_setup_config.sh b/scripts/app/containers/owncloud/owncloud_setup_config.sh
index a9722f6..e3bee54 100755
--- a/scripts/app/containers/owncloud/owncloud_setup_config.sh
+++ b/scripts/app/containers/owncloud/owncloud_setup_config.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ appOwnCloudSetupConfig()
         local owncloud_wait_time=5  # seconds
 
         # Remove the temporary folder in /tmp
-        result=$(sudo rm -rf "$owncloud_config")
+        result=$(runSystem rm -rf "$owncloud_config")
         checkSuccess "Removed default config.php"
 
         # Check when owncloud is setup.
@@ -51,40 +51,40 @@ appOwnCloudSetupConfig()
         # Backups and Creation of config files
         # Copy the original config.php to the temporary file
         # Create a temporary folder in /tmp
-        result=$(sudo mkdir -p "$tmp_folder")
+        result=$(runSystem mkdir -p "$tmp_folder")
         checkSuccess "Created temporary folder: $tmp_folder"
         
         # Backups and Creation of config files
         # Copy the original config.php to the temporary file in /tmp
-        result=$(sudo cp "$owncloud_config" "$tmp_folder/config.php.tmp")
+        result=$(runSystem cp "$owncloud_config" "$tmp_folder/config.php.tmp")
         checkSuccess "Copy the original config.php contents to the temporary file"
 
-        result=$(sudo cp "$owncloud_config" "$owncloud_config_folder/config.php.backup")
+        result=$(runSystem cp "$owncloud_config" "$owncloud_config_folder/config.php.backup")
         checkSuccess "Backing up the original config.php file"
         
-        local result=$(sudo chmod -R 777 "$tmp_folder")
+        local result=$(runSystem chmod -R 777 "$tmp_folder")
         checkSuccess "Set permissions to for temp folder & files."
         
-        local result=$(sudo chown -R $docker_install_user:$docker_install_user "$tmp_folder")
+        local result=$(runSystem chown -R $docker_install_user:$docker_install_user "$tmp_folder")
         checkSuccess "Updating ownership on temp folder to $docker_install_user"
         
         # Create another temporary file for awk output
         local tmp_awk_output="$tmp_folder/config_awk_output.tmp"
 
         # Use awk to delete lines for 'trusted_domains' from the temporary file
-        result=$(sudo awk '/'"'trusted_domains'"'/,/\),/{next} {print}' "$tmp_folder/config.php.tmp" > "$tmp_awk_output")
+        result=$(runSystem awk '/'"'trusted_domains'"'/,/\),/{next} {print}' "$tmp_folder/config.php.tmp" > "$tmp_awk_output")
         checkSuccess "Use awk to delete lines for 'trusted_domains' from the temporary file"
         
         # Remove the line containing 'overwrite.cli.url'
-        result=$(sudo sed -i '/overwrite\.cli\.url/d' "$tmp_awk_output")
+        result=$(runSystem sed -i '/overwrite\.cli\.url/d' "$tmp_awk_output")
         checkSuccess "Remove line containing 'overwrite.cli.url'"
 
         # Remove the existing ');' from the end of the file
-        result=$(sudo sed -i '$s/);//' "$tmp_awk_output")
+        result=$(runSystem sed -i '$s/);//' "$tmp_awk_output")
         checkSuccess "Remove ');' from the end of the file"
         
         # Remove empty lines from the temporary file
-        result=$(sudo sed -i '/^ *$/d' "$tmp_awk_output")
+        result=$(runSystem sed -i '/^ *$/d' "$tmp_awk_output")
         checkSuccess "Remove empty lines from the temporary file"
 
 if [[ $public == "true" ]]; then
@@ -117,14 +117,14 @@ fi
 
         # Update permissions
         # Move the modified temporary file back to the original location
-        result=$(sudo mv "$tmp_awk_output" "$owncloud_config")
+        result=$(runSystem mv "$tmp_awk_output" "$owncloud_config")
         checkSuccess "Overwrite the original config.php with the updated content"
 
-        result=$(sudo chown 165568:$docker_install_user $owncloud_config)
+        result=$(runSystem chown 165568:$docker_install_user $owncloud_config)
         checkSuccess "Update permissions of ownCloud config to reflect container needs."
         
         # Remove the temporary folder in /tmp
-        result=$(sudo rm -rf "$tmp_folder")
+        result=$(runSystem rm -rf "$tmp_folder")
         checkSuccess "Removed temporary folder: $tmp_folder"
     else
         isError "Container is not healthy. Setup seems to have failed."
diff --git a/scripts/checks/requirements/check_docker_rootless.sh b/scripts/checks/requirements/check_docker_rootless.sh
index e6967a7..e7e2f7c 100755
--- a/scripts/checks/requirements/check_docker_rootless.sh
+++ b/scripts/checks/requirements/check_docker_rootless.sh
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ checkDockerRootlessRequirement()
 {  
 	if [[ $CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_TYPE == "rootless" ]]; then
 		### Docker Rootless
-		if sudo grep -q "ROOTLESS" $sysctl; then
+		if runSystem grep -q "ROOTLESS" $sysctl; then
 			isSuccessful "Docker Rootless appears to be installed."
 		else
 			isNotice "Docker Rootless does not appear to be installed."
diff --git a/scripts/checks/requirements/check_install_type.sh b/scripts/checks/requirements/check_install_type.sh
index b1b900b..6ae6a2a 100755
--- a/scripts/checks/requirements/check_install_type.sh
+++ b/scripts/checks/requirements/check_install_type.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ checkInstallTypeRequirement()
 	if [[ "$OS_TYPE" == "Ubuntu" || "$OS_TYPE" == "Debian" ]]; then
 		ISCOMP=$( (docker compose -v ) 2>&1 )
 		ISUFW=$( (runSystem ufw status ) 2>&1 )
-		ISUFWD=$( (sudo ufw-docker) 2>&1 )
+		ISUFWD=$( (runSystem ufw-docker) 2>&1 )
 
 		resolveDockerInstallUser
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ checkInstallTypeRequirement()
 			ISACT=$( (runSystem systemctl is-active docker ) 2>&1 )
 		elif [[ $CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_TYPE == "rootless" ]]; then
 			# Used for checking the rootless user
-			local ISUSER=$( (sudo id -u "$CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_USER"))
+			local ISUSER=$( (id -u "$CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_USER"))
 			if [[ "$ISUSER" == *"no such user"* ]]; then
 				ISACT=$(command -v docker &> /dev/null)
 			fi
diff --git a/scripts/cli/commands/webui/cli_webui_commands.sh b/scripts/cli/commands/webui/cli_webui_commands.sh
index 4b4b014..400b366 100755
--- a/scripts/cli/commands/webui/cli_webui_commands.sh
+++ b/scripts/cli/commands/webui/cli_webui_commands.sh
@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ cliWebuiLoginReset()
 
     # Restore placeholders so the scan re-randomizes them
     if [ -f "$webui_logins_file" ]; then
-        sudo sed -i -E 's/^(CFG_WEBUI_USERNAME=).*$/\1RANDOMIZEDUSERNAME1/' "$webui_logins_file"
-        sudo sed -i -E 's/^(CFG_WEBUI_PASSWORD=).*$/\1RANDOMIZEDPASSWORD1/' "$webui_logins_file"
+        runInstallOp sed -i -E 's/^(CFG_WEBUI_USERNAME=).*$/\1RANDOMIZEDUSERNAME1/' "$webui_logins_file"
+        runInstallOp sed -i -E 's/^(CFG_WEBUI_PASSWORD=).*$/\1RANDOMIZEDPASSWORD1/' "$webui_logins_file"
     fi
 
     # Remove auth file to force credential regeneration on next container start
diff --git a/scripts/config/application/application_edit_config.sh b/scripts/config/application/application_edit_config.sh
index c427b67..061f234 100755
--- a/scripts/config/application/application_edit_config.sh
+++ b/scripts/config/application/application_edit_config.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ editAppConfig()
             local original_checksum=$(md5sum "$config_file")
 
             # Open the file with $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR for editing
-            sudo $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$config_file"
+            $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$config_file"
 
             # Calculate the checksum of the edited file
             local edited_checksum=$(md5sum "$config_file")
diff --git a/scripts/config/application/application_menu_apps.sh b/scripts/config/application/application_menu_apps.sh
index f7e5d7f..0e02ae0 100755
--- a/scripts/config/application/application_menu_apps.sh
+++ b/scripts/config/application/application_menu_apps.sh
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ viewAppConfigs()
             local config_file="$containers_dir/${selected_app}/${selected_app}.config"
             
             if [ -f "$config_file" ]; then
-                sudo $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$config_file"
+                $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$config_file"
                 createTouch "$config_file" $sudo_user_name
                 echo ""
                 isNotice "Configuration file for '$selected_app' has been updated."
diff --git a/scripts/config/application/application_missing_variables.sh b/scripts/config/application/application_missing_variables.sh
index eb99fa1..e5598ac 100755
--- a/scripts/config/application/application_missing_variables.sh
+++ b/scripts/config/application/application_missing_variables.sh
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ checkApplicationsConfigFilesMissingVariables()
         app=$(basename "$live" .config)
         remote="$install_containers_dir$app/$app.config"
         reconcileConfigFile "$live" "$remote"
-    done < <(sudo find "$containers_dir" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name '*.config' ! -name '*.bak')
+    done < <(runFileOp find "$containers_dir" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name '*.config' ! -name '*.bak')
 
     isSuccessful "Application config reconciliation completed."
 }
diff --git a/scripts/config/core/config_manage_menu.sh b/scripts/config/core/config_manage_menu.sh
index 76317ce..0f59878 100755
--- a/scripts/config/core/config_manage_menu.sh
+++ b/scripts/config/core/config_manage_menu.sh
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ viewLibrePortalConfigs()
 
             # Check if the specific config matches either the display name or config name
             if [[ "$display_name" == "$specific_config" ]] || [[ "$config_name" == "$specific_config" ]]; then
-                sudo $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "${config_files[i]}"
+                $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "${config_files[i]}"
                 createTouch "${config_files[i]}" $sudo_user_name
                 echo ""
                 isNotice "Configuration file '$display_name' has been updated."
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ viewLibrePortalConfigs()
             local selected_file="${config_files[index]}"
             local selected_display_name="${config_display_names[index]}"
 
-            sudo $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$selected_file"
+            $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$selected_file"
             createTouch "$selected_file" $sudo_user_name
             config_timestamps["$selected_display_name"]=$(stat -c "%y" "$selected_file")
 
diff --git a/scripts/config/docker/docker_compose_menu.sh b/scripts/config/docker/docker_compose_menu.sh
index a9c7225..8001567 100755
--- a/scripts/config/docker/docker_compose_menu.sh
+++ b/scripts/config/docker/docker_compose_menu.sh
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ viewComposeFiles()
                   local index=$((file_number - 1))
                   if ((index >= 0 && index < ${#selected_compose_files[@]})); then
                     local selected_file="${selected_compose_files[index]}"
-                    sudo $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$selected_file"
+                    $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$selected_file"
                   fi
                 done
 
diff --git a/scripts/database/app/db_list_all_apps.sh b/scripts/database/app/db_list_all_apps.sh
index ede97b3..cb9314d 100755
--- a/scripts/database/app/db_list_all_apps.sh
+++ b/scripts/database/app/db_list_all_apps.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ databaseListAllApps()
 	if [[ "$toollistallapps" == [yY] ]]; then
     
         # Check if sqlite3 is available
-        if ! command -v sudo sqlite3 &> /dev/null; then
+        if ! command -v runInstallOp sqlite3 &> /dev/null; then
             isNotice "sqlite3 command not found. Make sure it's installed."
         fi
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ databaseListAllApps()
         isHeader "Listing full apps database"
 
         # Execute the SQLite query and store the output in a variable
-        local output=$(sudo sqlite3 -header -column $docker_dir/$db_file "SELECT * FROM apps;")
+        local output=$(runInstallOp sqlite3 -header -column $docker_dir/$db_file "SELECT * FROM apps;")
         # Count the number of non-header lines (data rows) in the 'output'
         local num_data_rows=$(echo "$output" | grep -v '^name[[:space:]]|')
 
diff --git a/scripts/database/delete_db_file.sh b/scripts/database/delete_db_file.sh
index 223b8cb..9244e78 100755
--- a/scripts/database/delete_db_file.sh
+++ b/scripts/database/delete_db_file.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 databaseRemoveFile()
 {
 	if [[ "$tooldeletedb" == [yY] ]]; then
-        local result=$(sudo rm $docker_dir/$db_file)
+        local result=$(runInstallOp rm $docker_dir/$db_file)
         checkSuccess "Removing $db_file file"
     fi
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/scripts/database/install_sqlite.sh b/scripts/database/install_sqlite.sh
index 7d0e203..e18ce50 100755
--- a/scripts/database/install_sqlite.sh
+++ b/scripts/database/install_sqlite.sh
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ installSQLiteDatabase()
 
                 # Create SQLite database file
                 if [ ! -e "$docker_dir/$db_file" ]; then
-                    local result=$(sudo touch $docker_dir/$db_file)
+                    local result=$(runInstallOp touch $docker_dir/$db_file)
                     checkSuccess "Creating SQLite $db_file file"
 
-                    local result=$(sudo chmod 755 $docker_dir/$db_file && sudo chown $sudo_user_name $docker_dir/$db_file)
+                    local result=$(runInstallOp chmod 755 $docker_dir/$db_file)
                     checkSuccess "Changing permissions for SQLite $db_file file"
                 fi
 
diff --git a/scripts/docker/app/uninstall/delete_data.sh b/scripts/docker/app/uninstall/delete_data.sh
index 8b5f9d6..fb822ee 100755
--- a/scripts/docker/app/uninstall/delete_data.sh
+++ b/scripts/docker/app/uninstall/delete_data.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ dockerDeleteData()
     if [[ "$app_name" == "" ]]; then
         isError "No app_name provided, unable to continue..."
     else
-        local result=$(sudo rm -rf $containers_dir$app_name)
+        local result=$(runFileOp rm -rf $containers_dir$app_name)
         checkSuccess "Deleting $app_name install folder"
     fi
 
diff --git a/scripts/docker/app/uninstall/uninstall_app.sh b/scripts/docker/app/uninstall/uninstall_app.sh
index 0a2a93e..5de5c8f 100755
--- a/scripts/docker/app/uninstall/uninstall_app.sh
+++ b/scripts/docker/app/uninstall/uninstall_app.sh
@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@ dockerUninstallApp()
                     [[ ! -f "$_tf" ]] && continue
                     # Skip in-flight tasks — that includes the uninstall task
                     # we're currently inside, plus anything queued or running.
-                    if sudo grep -qE "\"status\"[[:space:]]*:[[:space:]]*\"(running|queued|pending)\"" "$_tf" 2>/dev/null; then
+                    if runFileOp grep -qE "\"status\"[[:space:]]*:[[:space:]]*\"(running|queued|pending)\"" "$_tf" 2>/dev/null; then
                         continue
                     fi
-                    if sudo grep -q "\"app\"[[:space:]]*:[[:space:]]*\"${stored_app_name}\"" "$_tf" 2>/dev/null; then
+                    if runFileOp grep -q "\"app\"[[:space:]]*:[[:space:]]*\"${stored_app_name}\"" "$_tf" 2>/dev/null; then
                         local _id=$(basename "$_tf" .json)
-                        sudo rm -f "$_tf" "$_tasks_dir/${_id}.log" "$_tasks_dir/${_id}.cancel" 2>/dev/null
+                        runFileOp rm -f "$_tf" "$_tasks_dir/${_id}.log" "$_tasks_dir/${_id}.cancel" 2>/dev/null
                         _removed=$((_removed + 1))
                     fi
                 done
diff --git a/scripts/docker/type_switcher/scan_container_socket.sh b/scripts/docker/type_switcher/scan_container_socket.sh
index a6054ec..b0365d2 100755
--- a/scripts/docker/type_switcher/scan_container_socket.sh
+++ b/scripts/docker/type_switcher/scan_container_socket.sh
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ dockerSwitcherScanContainersForSocket()
                 fi
                 isSuccessful "Found Docker socket to change in file: $file"
                 if [[ $CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_TYPE == "rootless" ]]; then
-                    local result=$(sudo sed -i \
+                    local result=$(runFileOp sed -i \
                         -e "/#SOCKETHERE/s|.*|      - /run/user/${docker_install_user_id}/docker.sock:/run/user/${docker_install_user_id}/docker.sock:ro #SOCKETHERE|" \
                     "$file")
                     checkSuccess "Updating docker socket for $app_name"
                 elif [[ $CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_TYPE == "rooted" ]]; then
-                    local result=$(sudo sed -i \
+                    local result=$(runFileOp sed -i \
                         -e "/#SOCKETHERE/s|.*|      - $docker_rooted_socket:$docker_rooted_socket:ro #SOCKETHERE|" \
                     "$file")
                     checkSuccess "Updating docker socket for $app_name"
diff --git a/scripts/docker/update_docker_sudo_pass.sh b/scripts/docker/update_docker_sudo_pass.sh
index 3eb2184..3a134b5 100755
--- a/scripts/docker/update_docker_sudo_pass.sh
+++ b/scripts/docker/update_docker_sudo_pass.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 updateDockerSudoPassword()
 {
-    local result=$(echo -e "$CFG_LIBREPORTAL_USER_PASS\n$CFG_LIBREPORTAL_USER_PASS" | sudo passwd "$sudo_user_name" > /dev/null 2>&1)
+    local result=$(echo -e "$CFG_LIBREPORTAL_USER_PASS\n$CFG_LIBREPORTAL_USER_PASS" | runSystem passwd "$sudo_user_name" > /dev/null 2>&1)
     checkSuccess "Updating the password for the $sudo_user_name user"
 }
diff --git a/scripts/docker/update_docker_user_pass.sh b/scripts/docker/update_docker_user_pass.sh
index dd47a85..f73f280 100755
--- a/scripts/docker/update_docker_user_pass.sh
+++ b/scripts/docker/update_docker_user_pass.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 updateDockerInstallPassword()
 {
-    local result=$(echo -e "$CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_PASS\n$CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_PASS" | sudo passwd "$CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_USER" > /dev/null 2>&1)
+    local result=$(echo -e "$CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_PASS\n$CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_PASS" | runSystem passwd "$CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_USER" > /dev/null 2>&1)
     checkSuccess "Updating the password for the $CFG_DOCKER_INSTALL_USER user"
 }
diff --git a/scripts/headscale/local/headscale_setup_localhost.sh b/scripts/headscale/local/headscale_setup_localhost.sh
index d767489..03a9b67 100755
--- a/scripts/headscale/local/headscale_setup_localhost.sh
+++ b/scripts/headscale/local/headscale_setup_localhost.sh
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ setupHeadscaleLocalhost()
 
             setupHeadscaleGenerateAuthKey;
 
-            result=$(sudo tailscale up --login-server $headscale_live_hostname --authkey $headscale_preauthkey --force-reauth)
+            result=$(runSystem tailscale up --login-server $headscale_live_hostname --authkey $headscale_preauthkey --force-reauth)
             checkSuccess "Connecting $app_name to Headscale Server"
 
             result=$(rm -rf $headscale_preauthkey_file)
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ setupHeadscaleLocalhost()
             result=$(cd ~ && curl -fsSL https://tailscale.com/install.sh | sh)
             checkSuccess "Setting up Headscale"
 
-            result=$(sudo tailscale up --login-server https://$CFG_HEADSCALE_HOST --authkey $CFG_HEADSCALE_KEY --force-reauth)
+            result=$(runSystem tailscale up --login-server https://$CFG_HEADSCALE_HOST --authkey $CFG_HEADSCALE_KEY --force-reauth)
             checkSuccess "Connecting $app_name to $CFG_HEADSCALE_HOST Headscale Server"
         fi
     fi
diff --git a/scripts/logs/installed_apps.sh b/scripts/logs/installed_apps.sh
index d447992..f413551 100755
--- a/scripts/logs/installed_apps.sh
+++ b/scripts/logs/installed_apps.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ viewLogs()
         ;;
         e)
             isNotice "Viewing libreportal.log:"
-            sudo $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$logs_dir/libreportal.log"
+            $CFG_TEXT_EDITOR "$logs_dir/libreportal.log"
             viewLogs;
         ;;
         x)
diff --git a/scripts/webui/data/generators/apps/webui_config_patch.sh b/scripts/webui/data/generators/apps/webui_config_patch.sh
index 2323f76..123d15d 100644
--- a/scripts/webui/data/generators/apps/webui_config_patch.sh
+++ b/scripts/webui/data/generators/apps/webui_config_patch.sh
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ webuiPatchAppConfigJson() {
         .apps |= map(if ((.command // "") | endswith(" " + $slug)) then .config = $cfg | .installed = $inst else . end)
     ' "$apps_json" > "$tmp" 2>/dev/null; then
         runFileWrite "$apps_json" < "$tmp"; rm -f "$tmp"
-        sudo chown "$docker_install_user:$docker_install_user" "$apps_json" 2>/dev/null || true
+        runFileOp chown "$docker_install_user:$docker_install_user" "$apps_json" 2>/dev/null || true
         return 0
     fi
     rm -f "$tmp"
diff --git a/scripts/webui/data/generators/system/webui_ssh_access.sh b/scripts/webui/data/generators/system/webui_ssh_access.sh
index 656289b..2bb6a27 100644
--- a/scripts/webui/data/generators/system/webui_ssh_access.sh
+++ b/scripts/webui/data/generators/system/webui_ssh_access.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ webuiGenerateSshAccess()
     fi
 
     local keys_json="[" first=true line type comment info fpr
-    if sudo test -f "$akf"; then
+    if runSystem test -f "$akf"; then
         while IFS= read -r line; do
             [[ -z "$line" || "$line" =~ ^[[:space:]]*# ]] && continue
             type=$(awk '{print $1}' <<< "$line")
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ webuiGenerateSshAccess()
             $first || keys_json+=","
             first=false
             keys_json+="{\"type\":\"$(jsonEscape "$type")\",\"fingerprint\":\"$(jsonEscape "$fpr")\",\"comment\":\"$(jsonEscape "$comment")\"}"
-        done < <(sudo cat "$akf")
+        done < <(runSystem cat "$akf")
     fi
     keys_json+="]"
 
diff --git a/scripts/webui/data/tasks/webui_task_files.sh b/scripts/webui/data/tasks/webui_task_files.sh
index 218294c..a2ffb43 100755
--- a/scripts/webui/data/tasks/webui_task_files.sh
+++ b/scripts/webui/data/tasks/webui_task_files.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ webuiEnsureTaskFiles() {
     if [ ! -f "$task_dir/queue.json" ]; then
         echo "  Creating queue.json"
         createTouch "$task_dir/queue.json" $docker_install_user "silent"
-        local result=$(echo "[]" | sudo tee "$task_dir/queue.json" > /dev/null)
+        local result=$(echo "[]" | runFileWrite "$task_dir/queue.json" > /dev/null)
         checkSuccess "Created queue.json..."
     else
         echo "  queue.json exists"
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ webuiEnsureTaskFiles() {
     if [ ! -f "$task_dir/current.json" ]; then
         echo "  Creating current.json"
         createTouch "$task_dir/current.json" $docker_install_user "silent"
-        local result=$(echo '{}' | sudo tee "$task_dir/current.json" > /dev/null)
+        local result=$(echo '{}' | runFileWrite "$task_dir/current.json" > /dev/null)
         checkSuccess "Created current.json..."
     else
         echo "  current.json exists"
diff --git a/scripts/webui/data/utils/webui_app_log.sh b/scripts/webui/data/utils/webui_app_log.sh
index b9cd390..921fb63 100755
--- a/scripts/webui/data/utils/webui_app_log.sh
+++ b/scripts/webui/data/utils/webui_app_log.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ webuiUpdateAppLog()
         # Create WebUI log file if it doesn't exist
         if [ ! -f "${log_file}" ]; then
             createTouch "$log_file" $sudo_user_name "silent"
-            echo "=== LibrePortal Installation Started at $(date) ===" | sudo tee "${log_file}" > /dev/null
+            echo "=== LibrePortal Installation Started at $(date) ===" | runFileWrite "${log_file}" > /dev/null
         fi
     elif [[ "$type" == "uninstall" ]]; then
         # Remove app log file
diff --git a/scripts/webui/webui_install_systemd.sh b/scripts/webui/webui_install_systemd.sh
index c40df9c..afc9073 100755
--- a/scripts/webui/webui_install_systemd.sh
+++ b/scripts/webui/webui_install_systemd.sh
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ EOF
 )"
 
   local current=""
-  [[ -f "$service_file" ]] && current="$(sudo cat "$service_file" 2>/dev/null)"
+  [[ -f "$service_file" ]] && current="$(runSystem cat "$service_file" 2>/dev/null)"
 
   if [[ "$desired" != "$current" ]]; then
     printf '%s\n' "$desired" | runSystem tee "$service_file" > /dev/null